class CardHolder: acctlen = 8 # Class data retireage = 62.5 def __init__(self, acct, name, age, addr): self.acct = acct # Instance data self.name = name # These trigger __setattr__ too self.age = age # _acct not mangled: name tested self.addr = addr # addr is not managed # remain has no data def __getattr__(self, name): match name: case 'acct': # On undefined attr fetches return self._acct[:-3] + '***' # name, age, addr are defined case 'remain': return self.retireage - self.age # Doesn't trigger __getattr__ case _: raise AttributeError(name) def __setattr__(self, name, value): match name: case 'name': # On all attr assignments value = value.lower().replace(' ', '_') # addr stored directly case 'age': # acct mangled to _acct if value < 0 or value > 150: raise ValueError('invalid age') case 'acct': name = '_acct' value = value.replace('-', '') if len(value) != self.acctlen: raise TypeError('invalid acct number') case 'remain': raise TypeError('cannot set remain') self.__dict__[name] = value # Avoid looping (or object)